Nalanda Gedige: A Hidden Architectural Gem in Matale, Sri Lanka

Tucked away in the heart of Sri Lanka, Nalanda Gedige is one of the country’s most unique landmarks. Known as the geographical center of Sri Lanka, it’s a stunning example of cultural and architectural blending. Built between the 8th and 10th centuries, this ancient stone temple in Matale offers a mix of Hindu and Buddhist elements, combining intricate carvings with a remarkable design that intrigues historians and travelers alike.

Why Visit Nalanda Gedige?

Nalanda Gedige is not just an archaeological wonder; it’s a spiritual and historical site that reflects the rich heritage of Sri Lanka. Here are reasons why every traveler should visit:

• Architectural Fusion: Designed following the Hindu Dravidian style, it also incorporates Buddhist influences, especially in its decorations and relics.
• Historical Significance: The temple is believed to have been a center for Mahayana Buddhism with Tantric influences, making it an important part of Sri Lanka’s past.
• Idyllic Location: Set against the backdrop of lush greenery and the Bowatenna Reservoir, the temple offers picturesque views, making it perfect for photography enthusiasts.

History of Nalanda Gedige

Constructed during the 8th-10th centuries, Nalanda Gedige stands out as a remarkable hybrid of South Indian and Sri Lankan architecture. It was likely used as a Buddhist monastery with Tantric learning influences, demonstrated by the erotic carvings and statues found at the site.

Interestingly, the site blends Theravada and Mahayana Buddhist traditions, while its Hindu-influenced mandapas resemble those from India’s Pallava Empire. Scholars believe these diverse elements reflect historical periods of cultural overlap and harmony in Sri Lanka.

When plans for the Bowatenna Reservoir threatened its original location in the 1980s, the temple was carefully dismantled and rebuilt at its current site. This makes it both a historical marvel and a victory of modern preservation efforts.

Architectural Features

Nalanda Gedige is considered an image house (Gedige) and showcases several stunning elements:

1. Mandapa (Entrance Hall): A Hindu-inspired structure featuring carved pillars and intricate designs.
2. Ambulatory Path: Surrounds the central shrine, which was likely used during ancient religious rituals.
3. Erotic Carvings: These are remnants of Tantric Buddhist elements, similar to those found in India at Khajuraho. They symbolize fertility and life’s creation.
4. Kuvera Statue: A unique high-relief carving of Kuvera, the Hindu god of wealth, is found on the southern tympanum. It’s a rare feature in Sri Lankan architecture.

Though its structure closely mirrors Hindu temples, there are no Hindu deities inside, reinforcing the notion that it served Buddhist purposes.

Things to Do at Nalanda Gedige

1. Explore the Temple: Step inside and admire the architectural details, such as carved floral motifs and archways.
2. Enjoy the Scenic Setting: The serene environment around the Bowatenna Reservoir is perfect for a relaxed stroll or some quiet meditation.
3. Photography: Capture the seamless blending of nature and architecture at this quaint and peaceful spot.
4. Learn the History: Engage with a local guide to learn about the radiant past and cultural significance of Nalanda Gedige.

How to Get to Nalanda Gedige

Nalanda Gedige is located about 30 kilometers from Kandy and 20 kilometers north of Matale, making it a quick trip from the main cities in the Central Province.

Transportation Options:

• Private Vehicle: Drive along the A9 road and turn off near Nalanda Village to reach the site.
• Public Transport: You can take buses heading toward Matale and arrange local transport to Nalanda Gedige.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to explore Nalanda Gedige is during Sri Lanka’s dry season, which runs from November to April. Visit in the morning or late afternoon to avoid the heat and enjoy cooler weather.

Nearby Attractions

Pair your visit to Nalanda Gedige with these nearby spots:

• Dambulla Cave Temple: A UNESCO World Heritage site offering ancient Buddha statues and murals.
• Sigiriya Rock Fortress: Perfect for combining multiple archaeological sites in one trip.
• Riverstone Gap: Scenic trekking location near Matale.

Practical Tips for Visitors

• Entry Fees: Entry to the site is free; however, donations are welcome and help with ongoing maintenance.
• Clothing: Since it’s a religious site, dress modestly.
• Photography: Avoid touching carvings to preserve them but feel free to capture the beauty of the structure.
• Facilities: There are no extensive facilities available, so carry water and light snacks if needed.

FAQs About Nalanda Gedige

1. Is Nalanda Gedige a Buddhist or Hindu Temple?

It is an image house with Hindu architectural influences but most likely served as a Buddhist monastery.

2. How long does it take to explore Nalanda Gedige?

The site is compact, and a complete tour takes about 30-45 minutes.

3. Can I combine Nalanda Gedige with other tourist attractions?

Yes, it’s close to Dambulla Cave Temple, Matale, and Sigiriya. You can visit all these sites in a single day if starting early.

Final Thoughts

Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a cultural explorer, or someone simply seeking peace surrounded by nature, Nalanda Gedige is a destination that will captivate you. Its blend of architectural beauty, mixed heritage, and tranquil setting make it a must-visit in Sri Lanka’s Central Province.

Step back in time and marvel at this hidden gem – a perfect blend of mystery, culture, and artistry. Plan your trip to Nalanda Gedige and uncover the incredible history of one of Sri Lanka’s best-kept secrets.